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The issue was whether or not the advocating of a violent overthrow of the government was prohibited (the plan/thought versus the action).
The Court REVERSED all of the original convictions in the Yates case, meaning that a "clear and present danger" must be proved before the First Amendment rights can be limited.
Summary:
Since the danger was not clear and present but only a belief, charging the leaders was unconstitutional under the First Amendment rights of freedom of speech and press.
Total vote:
The Supreme Court overturned the convictions 6-1
Decided on June 17, 1957
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